It has to be left in a form a verifier can open

Compress the three EAC reports into one line and they land in the same place.

What the standard requires in report 1, what a price negotiation stands on in report 2, what passes verification in report 3 — all of it is a record that came off the vehicle.

Why the record

Verifiers look at data. They look before the certificate exists. If there is nothing to look at then, no certificate is made.

The standard's time condition and its geography condition both come out of that record. Putting it on a registry to stop double counting only works if the record is there.

It cannot be made afterwards

What remains once the run is over is an estimate. And estimates do not pass verification.

On which leg, when, which vehicle, how much fuel. Those four have to be left as they happen.

The layer LCS takes

Issuing certificates and running registries is the work of bodies like Smart Freight Centre or 123Carbon. The layer upstream of them — building the record that issuance stands on — is the layer LCS takes.

Carbon DTG measures operation and fuel at the vehicle itself, and calculates and reports it to ISO 14083. Leaving that in a form a verifier can open is the job.

When to buy certificates can be decided later. The records you will hand over at that point do not exist unless they start accumulating now.

This article expands one section of LCS EAC special report 3, Who Vouches for It. The full report works from published material by 123Carbon and DP World and from SBTi's Corporate Net-Zero Standard V2.0 as primary sources, and does not fill in values that were never published.